Please check back soon. Faulkner reacted by resigning with his entire cabinet, and the British Government suspended, and eventually abolished, the Northern Ireland Parliament, replacing it with Direct Rule. Although their MEP seat, held by Jim Nicholson, had its vote percentage decreased slightly in the 2014 European election, the party managed to make gains in the local elections of that same day. Having disbanded twice, in 1974 and 2004, the council was re-constituted by young activists in March 2004. [34] As a result, the UUP were left without representation in the House of Commons for the first time since the party's creation. [17][18][19] The party remained affiliated to the National Union of Conservative and Unionist Associations, but in 1985, withdrew from it as well, in protest over the Anglo-Irish Agreement. Don't waste your vote by choosing a party whose policies don't match your opinion. At the 1969 Stormont general election UUP candidates stood on both pro- and anti-O'Neill platforms. Others have left to start other Unionist parties. Unusually for a unionist party, the UUP had a Roman Catholic Member of the Legislative Assembly (MLA) (the Northern Ireland Legislative Assembly), Sir John Gorman until the 2003 election. The Anglo-Irish Agreement of 1985 was a blow to Northern Ireland’s unionists, because it established a consultative role for the government of Ireland in the affairs of Northern Ireland through the Anglo-Irish Secretariat. The 1st Viscount Craigavon governed Northern Ireland from its inception until his death in November 1940, and is buried with his wife by the east wing of Parliament Buildings at Stormont. Ulster Unionist Party (UUP) Party policies on abortion, assisted suicide and embryo research Party leader: Robbin Swann – not currently standing as an election candidate. Civil disorder continued to mount, culminating in August 1969 when Catholic Bogside residents clashed with the Royal Ulster Constabulary in Derry because of an Apprentice Boys of Derry march, sparking days of riots. “This is … In 1979 the UUP won only one of three seats for Northern Ireland in the European Parliament and finished behind the DUP and the SDLP. Due to the lack of preparation time, we have not updated this website for the 2017 Election. This policy divided both the Ulster Unionists and the wider unionist movement, as Powell's ideas conflicted with those supporting a restoration of devolved government to Northern Ireland. [42] Mike Nesbitt was elected leader on 31 March 2012, beating the only other candidate, John McCallister, by 536 votes to 129. It was a long ongoing process that can The leadership of the UUP was taken by Sir Edward Carson in 1910. From the creation of Northern Ireland in 1921 until direct rule by the British beginning in 1972, the UUP formed every provincial government, holding substantial majorities in Stormont, the parliament of Northern Ireland, and in seats for Northern Ireland in the British Parliament. In contrast, from 1969 to the end of the 1990s the party had five leaders, two of whom—James Chichester Clark (1969–71) and Faulkner (1971–74)—were in office for only three years. Faulkner's government struggled though 1971 and into 1972. [citation needed], Each constituency in Northern Ireland forms the boundary of a UUP constituency association, which is made up of branches formed along local boundaries (usually district electoral areas). [49] The party, which saw a significant decrease in its vote share, failed to take any other seats. The Ulster Democratic Party ( UDP) was a small loyalist political party in Northern Ireland. Boris Johnson`s deal with the EU is an existential threat to the Union. Ring in the new year with a Britannica Membership, https://www.britannica.com/topic/Ulster-Unionist-Party, The Official Site of the Ulster Unionist Party. The Ulster Unionist Party`s general retention policy is to hold information for 7 years. However, in the early 21st century its support among unionists in Northern Ireland dropped, and in the 2010 British general election it failed to win any seats. The Ulster Unionist Council, the UUP’s governing body, is a loose amalgam of nearly 1,000 delegates from local UUP branches, UUP youth and women’s associations, and its representatives in local government and the British Parliament. In the 1918 general election, Carson switched constituencies from his former seat of Dublin University to Belfast Duncairn. Subsequently, the Conservative Party has organised separately in Northern Ireland, with little electoral success. The election resulted in the loss of five of their six seats. It was supported by most unionist voters throughout the conflict known as the Troubles, during which time it was often referred to as the Official Unionist Party (OUP). The Ulster Unionist Party is a unionist political party in Northern Ireland. Ulster Unionist Party, Strandtown Hall, 2-4 Belmont Road, Belfast, BT4 2AN Telephone: 02890 474630 Fax: 02890 652149 Email: uup@uup.org Privacy Policy [citation needed] While the party was considering structural reforms, including the connection with the Order, it was the Order itself that severed the connection in 2004. But in February 2009 the UUP and the Conservative Party agreed to contest the next election, in 2010, on a joint ticket as “Ulster Conservatives and Unionists–New Force” (UCUNF). ", "NI Conservatives launch as fresh, centre-right party, in Belfast", "Election 2015 results: Northern Ireland", "Statement from the Ulster Unionist Party on EU Referendum", "Ulster Unionist Party supports staying in EU", "Election 2017 results: Northern Ireland", "UUP members will decide if they want someone else to lead, says Swann", List of political parties by representation, 2011 United Kingdom Alternative Vote referendum, Parliamentary Voting System and Constituencies Act 2011, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ulster_Unionist_Party&oldid=1015428495, Political parties in pre-partition Ireland, Alliance of Conservatives and Reformists in Europe member parties, European Conservatives and Reformists member parties, Articles with unsourced statements from September 2015, Articles needing additional references from March 2019, All articles needing additional references, Articles with unsourced statements from January 2017, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. It was formed on 9 February 1972 and was led by William Craig (former Minister of Home Affairs at Stormont) with its deputy leaders Rev Martin Smyth and the former Stormont MP for Carrick, Captain Austin Ardill. It was the party of government in the province from 1921 to 1972. It was also overtaken by Alliance on Belfast City Council. Steve Aiken succeeded Robin Swann as leader, in November 2019.[9]. Lord Brookeborough, despite having felt that Craigavon had held on to power for too long, was Prime Minister for one year longer. However, this fragmentation did not simply occur in reaction to the events of the 1960's and early 1970's. Our Leader, Peers, MEP, MLAs, Councillors, Party Members and Supporters will work tirelessly to ensure our goals are met for the benefit of all in Northern Ireland. [38], The party further declined in the 2011 Assembly elections (standing again as the UUP). Unionist policy must be determined by unionists and not driven by the actions of Sinn Fein. Ulster Unionist Party Party Policies and Manifesto Details Please note this website was created for the 2015 General Election. It was the merger of these two parties in 1912 that gave rise to the current name of the Conservative and Unionist Party, to which the UUP was formally linked (to varying degrees) until 1985. After Bloody Sunday, the British Government threatened to remove control of the security forces from the devolved government. David Trimble himself lost his seat in Upper Bann and resigned as party leader soon after. The party did poorly in the 2007 Northern Ireland Assembly election. [46], In the 2016 European Union referendum the UUP supported the remain campaign, the UUP Executive passing a motion on 5 March 2016 that the party "believes that on balance Northern Ireland is better remaining in the European Union, with the UK Government pressing for further reform and a return to the founding principle of free trade, not greater political union. Within the United Kingdom, the Ulster Unionist Party has historically been affiliated with the Conservative Party over in Great Britain, and is often considered an off-shoot of it. [37] Bradshaw and Hamilton subsequently joined the Alliance Party. We are currently researching the Ulster Unionist Party’s political policies. Modern organised unionism properly emerged after William Ewart Gladstone's introduction in 1886 of the first of three Home Rule Bills in response to demands by the Irish Parliamentary Party. In the February 1974 general election, the party participated in the United Ulster Unionist Coalition (UUUC) with Vanguard and the Democratic Unionist Party, successor to the Protestant Unionist Party. Trimble, the UUP’s leader, served as Northern Ireland’s first minister, and UUP ministers directed three government departments. Many of its members have stayed with the party, such as the present leader of the UUP. Ulster Unionist Party Party Members of Parliament Please note this website was created for the 2015 General Election. A backbench revolt in 1943 resulted in his resignation and replacement by Sir Basil Brooke (later Viscount Brookeborough), although Andrews was recognised as leader of the party until 1946. In 1973, the Ulster Unionist Party fragmented after fifty years as the dominant party within Northern Ireland. The Executive Committee, a smaller group of delegates and party officers, manages the affairs of the council. Asked whether the link-up with the Tories was a mistake, McCrea said: "Well, it certainly did not work. The two parties have remained institutionally separate ever since, with the exception of the 2009-2012 Ulster Conservatives and Unionists electoral alliance. The party traces its formal existence back to the foundation of the Ulster Unionist Council in 1905. Faulkner was then overthrown, and he set up the Unionist Party of Northern Ireland (UPNI). A list of 4 political views and policies made by Ulster Unionist’s about foreign policy issues in 2021. Modern organised unionism properly emerged after William Ewart Gladstone's introduction in 1886 of the first of three Home Rule Bills in response to demands by the Irish Parliamentary Party. We are satisfied that the future of the Union is … From the beginning, the party had a strong association with the Orange Order, a Protestant fraternal organisation. The ensuing leadership election was won by Reg Empey. His resignation was probably caused by a speech of James Chichester-Clark who stated that he disagreed with the timing, but not the principle, of universal suffrage at local elections. Most recently, the party won 11.7% of the vote in Northern Ireland and no seats in 2019, placing fifth behind the DUP, Sinn Féin, Alliance Party of Northern Ireland, and the SDLP. Its leader from 1995 to 2005 was David Trimble, who in 1998 was corecipient of the Nobel Prize for Peace with Social Democratic and Labour Party leader John Hume. The Ulster Vanguard movement was originally a political pressure group within the UUP. At its first meeti… The result was that the UUUC won 11 out of 12 parliamentary seats in Northern Ireland on a fiercely anti-Sunningdale platform, although they barely won 50% of the overall popular vote. In July 2008, the UUP and Conservative Party announced that a joint working group had been established to examine closer ties. Due to the lack of preparation time, … The IUA was an alliance of Irish Conservatives and Many southern unionist politicians quickly became reconciled with the new Irish Free State, sitting in its Seanad or joining its political parties. The party also made gains upon the break-up of the Vanguard Party and its merger back into the Ulster Unionists. His support for the Belfast Agreement caused a rupture within the party into pro-agreement and anti-agreement factions. They then lost their single MEP at the 2019 European Parliament elections.[50]. Only its last Prime Minister, Brian Faulkner, was from a middle-class background. As opposition to the Good Friday Agreement mounted among Northern Ireland’s Protestant community, the party faced internal division and a strong electoral challenge from the DUP. Each constituency association and representative body elects a number of delegates to the Executive Committee, which governs many areas of party administration such as membership and candidate selection. The UUP lost its two seats in the 2017 election. With the rise of the Roman Catholic civil rights movement and sectarian violence in the 1960s and conciliatory gestures toward Northern Ireland Catholics and the government of Ireland by UUP Prime Minister for Northern Ireland Terence O’Neill, dissident elements left the party to form other organizations, notably the hard-line Democratic Unionist Party (DUP), cofounded in 1971 by Ian Paisley. In 1972, in protest over the prorogation of the Parliament of Northern Ireland, the Westminster Ulster Unionist MPs withdrew from the alliance. Trimble faced down Orange Order critics who tried to suspend him for his attendance at a Catholic funeral for a young boy killed by the Real IRA in the Omagh bombing. British initiatives in Northern Ireland since 1972 have strained this historical relationship, however. It is currently the fourth-largest party in Northern Ireland, having been overtaken in 2003 by the Democratic Unionist Party (DUP) and Sinn Féin, and in 2017 by the Social Democratic and Labour Party (SDLP). Government (with Conservative) until end of 1973, when whip and alliance with Conservative withdrawn caused snap election. Excluded are the Speaker, who traditionally stands for re-election without party affiliation, and MPs who were elected from a major party but then defected during a parliamentary term. [33] On 25 March 2010, she formally resigned from the party and announced that she would be standing as an independent candidate at the general election. We are currently researching the Ulster Unionist Party’s political policies. The separate United Ulster Unionist Party (UUUP) emerged from the remains of Vanguard but folded in the early 1980s, as did the UPNI. Lets do this for the loyal people of this party who have either gone before us, those in today’s Party and those who will be here for the future. Elliott stepped down after just 18 months, and he was replaced as party leader by former news broadcaster Mike Nesbitt in March 2012. His successor, J. M. Andrews, was heavily criticised for appointing octogenarian veterans of Lord Craigavon's administration to his cabinet. ULSTER UNIONIST PARTY Introduction 1. In a sign of unity, Trimble and President of Ireland Mary McAleese walked into the church together. Ulster Unionist Party Leader, Steve Aiken OBE MLA, said: “It is with the greatest sadness that we heard the announcement of the passing of His Royal Highness The Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh. This resulted in the Young Unionists (YU) becoming a representative body of the UUP and subject to its revamp of their Constitution. In April 1998 the UUP and seven other parties approved the Good Friday Agreement (Belfast Agreement) on steps leading to a new power-sharing government in Northern Ireland. He was succeeded by Tom Elliott, who tried to rebuild and redefine the party within the changing unionist landscape. Members of the House of Commons as of June 2017: Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). [35] The Dublin-based political magazine, the Phoenix, described Elliott as a "blast from the past" and said that his election signified "a significant shift to the right" by the UUP. Throughout his 11-year leadership he fought a sustained campaign against Irish Home Rule, including being involved in the formation of the Ulster Volunteers (UVF) in 1912. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. The liberal unionist group, the New Ulster Movement, which had advocated the policies of Terence O'Neill, left and formed the Alliance Party of Northern Ireland in April 1970, while the emergence of Ian Paisley's Protestant Unionist Party continued to draw off some working-class and more Ulster loyalist support. The party increased its vote share by 1.4% in the 2019 general election, but still failed to re-gain a seat. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. The council meets at least once a year to elect officers and approve policies formulated by party leaders. The Ulster Unionist Party traces its formal existence back to the foundation of the Ulster Unionist Council in 1905. The party retained 18 of its seats within the assembly. Trimble served as First Minister of Northern Ireland in the power-sharing administration created under the Belfast Agreement. Elliott rejected the merger and called the proposed dissolution of the UUP "unacceptable". This page was last edited on 1 April 2021, at 12:29. There are also four 'representative bodies', the Ulster Women's Unionist Council, the Ulster Young Unionist Council, the Westminster Unionist Association (the party's Great Britain branch) and the Ulster Unionist Councillors Association. The Ulster Unionist Party has a rich heritage, having served the people of Northern Ireland since 1905. However, these efforts—which were joined by the DUP—failed to force abrogation of the agreement, and the UUP decided to participate in new negotiations on the constitutional future of Northern Ireland in 1990–93. The unionist political and business elite of Ulster had adapted well to the new era by the time of the introduction of the third Home Rule bill in 1912 and become adept at mobilising public opinion and advertising campaigns. Although the UUP’s structure incorporates a wide variety of political opinion, it is politically conservative, maintaining strong links to Britain’s Conservative Party. This marked the first time that a devolved government in Northern Ireland did not include the UUP. Our thoughts and prayers are with Her Majesty The Queen and the Royal Family. The party failed to regain them in another snap election, in 2019. On 26 February 2009, the Ulster Unionist Executive and area council of Northern Ireland Conservatives agreed to field joint candidates in future elections to the House of Commons and European Parliament under the name "Ulster Conservatives and Unionists – New Force". It is generally recognized as the political expression of law-abiding middle- and upper-class Protestants in Northern Ireland. In the 1960s, identifying with the civil rights movement of Martin Luther King Jr. and encouraged by attempts at reform under O'Neill, various organisations campaigned for civil rights, calling for changes to the system for allocating public housing and the voting system for the local government franchise, which was restricted to (disproportionately Protestant) rate payers. Updates? The UUP's youth wing is the Young Unionists, first formed in 2004 as a rebrand of the Ulster Young Unionist Council, which formed in 1946. Under West's leadership, the party recruited Enoch Powell, who became Ulster Unionist MP for South Down in October 1974 after defecting from the Conservatives. [6][7] Between 1905 and 1972, its peers and MPs took the Conservative whip at Westminster, in effect functioning as the Northern Irish branch of the Conservative and Unionist Party. [39] In November 2011, the Conservative Party chairman, Lord Feldman, wrote to Elliott to propose a formal and permanent merger of the two parties. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. Following the adoption of a new Constitution in 2004, the UUP has been an entity in its own right, however the UUC still exists as the supreme decision making body of the Party. During this time he was on more than one occasion called to meetings of the Grand Orange Lodge of Ireland to explain his actions, most notably following the 1947 Education Act which made the government responsible for the payment of National Insurance contributions of teachers in Catholic Church-controlled schools. As such the UUP currently has no representation in the House of Commons. The Orange Order, a Protestant social organization loyal to the British crown, also sends delegates to the council. The UUP and other unionists denounced the agreement, and UUP members of Parliament resigned their seats over the issue (though 14 were returned in by-elections in 1986). David Trimble led the party between 1995 and 2005. The party sees itself as defending Britishness and Ulster Protestant culture against Irish nationalism and republicanism . The UUP seeks to maintain Northern Ireland’s union with Britain and to protect the British citizenship of Northern Ireland’s residents. Omissions? In both cases the main beneficiaries of this were the Ulster Unionists, now under the leadership of James Molyneaux (1979–95). [43], The Conservatives and the UUP went their separate ways again,[44] with the Northern Ireland Conservatives relaunching as a separate party on 14 June 2012.[45]. Conflict over the provisions of the Sunningdale Agreement (1973), which called for a Council of Ireland to coordinate policies between Northern Ireland and the Irish republic, prompted the resignation of Northern Ireland Prime Minister Brian Faulkner and the collapse of the governing Executive. Carson strongly opposed the partition of Ireland and the end of unionism as an all-Ireland political force, so he refused the opportunity to be Prime Minister of Northern Ireland or even to sit in the Northern Ireland House of Commons, citing a lack of connection with the place. That total dropped to 10 seats in the March 2017 snap election, though the loss was mitigated by the Assembly’s overall reduction from 108 seats to 90. [citation needed] In autumn 2007 the delegates system was done away with, and today all UUP members are members of the Ulster Unionist Council, with entitlements to vote for the Leader, party officers and on major policy decisions. Comprehensive research into the Ulster Unionist Party party, their policies, Members of Parliament (MPs) and news. In advance of the 2015 British general election, Nesbitt orchestrated a pact with DUP leader Peter Robinson that saw the two unionist parties present a single candidate in four constituencies. The only seat won by an Ulster Unionist was North Down, by Sylvia Hermon, who had won the seat in the 2001 general election from Robert McCartney of United Kingdom Unionist Party. The Ulster Unionist party had 100 years of tradition and we can stand alone." Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. The party organized mass protests and boycotts of local councils and filed a lawsuit challenging the legality of the agreement. Assistant Professor, Department of Government, American University, Washington, D.C. [5] Having gathered support in Ulster, the northern province in Ireland, during the late-nineteenth and early-twentieth centuries, the party governed Northern Ireland between 1921 and 1972. The party's misfortunes continued at the 2005 election. Particularly divisive was the issue of whether to cooperate with Sinn Féin given the IRA’s failure to begin decommissioning. During this era, all but 11 of the 149 UUP Stormont MPs were members of the Orange Order, as were all Prime Ministers.[11]. DEMOCRATIC UNIONIST The DUP would seek to: Require a comprehensive review of sentencing policy to ensure it is effective in The Party respects that individual members may vote for withdrawal. Following the election, Sir Reg Empey resigned as leader. The Sunningdale Agreement, which led to the formation of a power-sharing Executive under Ulster Unionist leader Brian Faulkner, ruptured the party. ", The Stormont era: Part of the Conservative Party, John Harbinson (1973) The Ulster Unionist Party, 1882–1973. Early in 1971, Chichester-Clark flew to London to request further military aid following the 1971 Scottish soldiers' killings. UUP History - the history of the Ulster Unionist Party - Northern Ireland's most popular political party Formation From the time of the introduction of the First and Second Home Rule Bills (1886 & 1893) at Westminster, MPs representing Irish constituencies who supported the Union between Great Britain and Ireland sat, as a group, with the Conservative Party. In 2016, the UUP and the SDLP decided not to accept the seats on the Northern Ireland Executive to which they would have been entitled and to form an official opposition to the executive. No less than four governments were in office from the spring of 1885 to the summer of 1886. We are currently researching the Ulster Unionist Party’s political policies. If you are an official representative for the Ulster Unionist Party, please use our candidate login process to verify your identity and manage this profile here. [citation needed], The UUP maintained a formal connection with the Orange Order from its foundation until 2005, and with the Apprentice Boys of Derry until 1975. Should the “alternative vote” system be used instead? The agreement meant that Ulster Unionist MPs could have sat in a Conservative Government, renewing the relationship that had broken down in 1974 over the Sunningdale Agreement and in 1985 over the Anglo-Irish Agreement. Please check back soon. It had its roots in the Vanguard or Ulster Vanguard wing of the Ulster Unionist Party who were opposed to the policies of the party's leader, and last Prime Minister of Northern Ireland, Brian Faulkner. The years 1885–6 were years of political confusion in Great Britain and Ireland. The party traditionally competed with the Democratic Unionist Party (DUP) for votes among Northern Ireland’s unionist Protestant community. [8] The UUP and its predecessors have been the traditional Unionist voice in Ireland. [20][21][22][23][24] Many in the UUP, including the last remaining MP, Sylvia Hermon, were opposed to the move. [citation needed]. The Ulster Unionist Party traces its formal existence back to the foundation of the Ulster Unionist Council in 1905. However, after the Irish Convention failed to reach an understanding on home rule and with the Partition of Ireland under the Government of Ireland Act 1920, Irish unionism in effect split. Only the Labour Party lost more seats in 2005. Until almost the very end of its period of power in Northern Ireland, the UUP was led by a combination of landed gentry (The 1st Viscount Brookeborough, Hugh MacDowell Pollock and James Chichester-Clark), aristocracy (Terence O'Neill) and gentrified industrial magnates (The 1st Viscount Craigavon and John Miller Andrews – nephew of The 1st Viscount Pirrie). Ian Paisley called for Brookeborough's resignation in 1953 when he refused to sack Brian Maginess and Clarence Graham, who had given speeches supporting re-admitting Catholics to the UUP. In 1973 the UUP secured 24 seats in the newly created Northern Ireland Assembly, though it remained divided between those who favoured sharing power with the nationalist SDLP and those who did not. Nevertheless, the UUP lost a large share of the vote to the hard-line DUP. Between 1921 and 1969 the UUP had four leaders, two of whom—James Craig (1921–40) and Basil Brooke (1946–63)—served for nearly 20 years. The party celebrates its centenary this year, beginning life as the Ulster Unionist Council in 1905 and dedicated to resisting the granting of home rule to Ireland. The party held six seats at Westminster immediately before the 2005 general election, down from seven after the previous general election following the defection of Jeffrey Donaldson in 2004. The proposal, which had the backing of David Cameron, would have seen the UUP form the backbone of a new party called the Northern Ireland Conservative and Unionist Party (NICUP). Corrections? Ulster Unionist policy in a tweet Northern Ireland needs MPs who will not be patsies to a Tory government. Compare alongside other parties to help you vote in the 2015 election. Ulster Unionist Party, Strandtown Hall, 2-4 Belmont Road, Belfast, BT4 2AN Telephone: 02890 474630 Fax: 02890 652149 Email: uup@uup.org Privacy Policy And as Leader, I want the Ulster Unionist Party---a strong, united, disciplined and determined party---to finish the job that WE started in 1998. During the campaign for the British elections of 2001, Trimble attempted to appeal to unionists who were angry at his dealings with Sinn Féin by threatening to resign as Northern Ireland’s first minister if the IRA persisted in its refusal to decommission. Before that, however, there had been a less formally organised Irish Unionist Alliance (IUA) since the late 19th century, usually dominated by unionists from Ulster. After Republican and Loyalist forces declared cease-fires in 1994, the UUP reluctantly joined discussions with the British and Irish governments and other Northern Ireland political parties. The UUP is still organised around the Ulster Unionist Council, which was from 1905 until 2004 the only legal representation of the party. In May 2006 UUP leader Reg Empey attempted to create a new assembly group that would have included Progressive Unionist Party (PUP) leader David Ervine. Members of the House of Lords as of June 2017: Members of the Northern Ireland Assembly as elected in March 2017: "At present, the UK uses the “first past the post” system to elect MPs to the House of Commons. Several independent pro-O'Neill unionists challenging his critics, while the Protestant Unionist Party of Ian Paisley mounted a hard-line challenge. Although the UUP retained its membership in the National Union of Conservative and Unionist Associations after direct rule was imposed in 1972, the decision by British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher to sign the Anglo-Irish Agreement of 1985 led to the party’s formal withdrawal from the National Union the following year.
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